Lake Baringo is fresh water, a contrast with alkaline Lake Bogoria nearby. The County Government of Baringo describes the two as internationally acclaimed Ramsar sites, and the county, home to Tugen, Pokot, Il Chamus, Turkana and Kikuyu communities, is a candidate for UNESCO Global Geopark status, analysing 15 geological sites for protection in partnership with UNESCO and the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO.
The lake is a working lake: its tilapia and catfish fisheries sustain lakeshore communities, and the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute has studied it from its station at Marigat since 1990. The county around it is varied too, with hot springs, gorges, waterfalls, rich fossil deposits and forests, and a growing network of fourteen community wildlife conservancies supported by the county government.